Mariyah Louis used to think she wouldn't make it to 27 years old.
Louis was in the foster care system as a teenager before turning to Job Corps, a government-funded program that provides free career training to low-income students. Now, she owns an auto detailing business — a success she attributed to her Job Corps experience.
"I was able to pretty much rebuild my whole life, whereas most foster youth do not have that many opportunities coming out of a situation like that, and I've been independent, taking care of myself since 17," said Louis, who is now 27.
Last week, the Labor Department said it would pause Job Corps operations at 99 contract-operated centers by the end of June, leaving thousands of students in limbo. A judge issued a temporary restraining order Wednesday blocking the Labor Department from taking steps to close Job Corps. The judge ordered a hearing later this month on the issue.
Uncertainty about the fate of the program has left alumni and faculty members anxious about the potential end date as they scramble to provide assistance to students who have also relied on Job Corps for free housing and food.
The closures are part of President Donald Trump's sweeping attempt to reduce the federal workforce through mass layoffs, department closings and reorganizations. The efforts, some of which have been halted by federal judges, were framed as necessary to trim outsize government spending, but critics argued the cuts targeted vital sectors, jeopardizing Americans' safety and health.
The cuts have alumni like Louis anxious about where the program's current students will go next.
Louis was 17 when she entered the foster care system in Michigan, where she remained until she aged out at 18. She said that she did not have "a good relationship with school because of that transition into foster care," but her interest in Job Corps piqued after a friend attended.
After Louis enrolled, she began working with a trade instructor who became a parental figure.
"I will never forget that man," she said in an interview before a judge issued the temporary restraining order. "He was way beyond a trade instructor. For me, he was a mentor, like a real-life mentor."
WJBK-TV of Detroit captured students carrying their belongings out of the center where Louis attended after the Labor Department announcement. It’s unclear what will happen to the facilities that have already closed and the students and faculty members who left them.
Louis, who said she hasn't slept in days, started a Facebook group for alumni, staff and students to share resources and launched a GoFundMe to support people affected by the program's closure.
"I feel like they're being robbed, and they're not going to have that experience that I had and where I am today, because being honest with you, I didn't think that I would make it to 27 years old. I did not, I can't," she said. "And I'm married and everything. I never would have saw this life for myself outside of foster care."
Christopher Kuhn, who works with Job Corps centers in Memphis, Tennessee, and St. Paul, Minnesota, said that 100 students had already departed the St. Paul center before the judge's order. Now, faculty members across both centers are trying to call students to bring them back to campuses, he said.
At the same time, Kuhn said, faculty members are preparing for the worst if the pause is ultimately allowed to move forward. Faculty members are still trying to find shelter for students who do not have homes to return to if the programs are allowed to close.
In Astoria, Oregon, the Tongue Point Job Corps Center was still trying to find housing for more than two dozen students who were homeless before starting the program, Mac McGoldrick, the center's director, said before the judge's order.
"There is a black cloud over this campus," McGoldrick said. "It is a heartbreaking thing to see."
The judge's order effectively allows students to remain on campus as the matter is considered in court.
Reached for comment before the court ruling, a spokesperson for the Labor Department said that a "comprehensive review of Job Corps revealed significant systemic issues — including an alarming number of serious incidents, poor student outcomes, and unsustainable costs."
The spokesperson, Courtney Parella, said that only 38% of students graduate from the program. The National Job Corps Association pushed back on this statistic last week, saying that "graduate rates were depressed by Covid-19 policies" and claimed that Job Corps graduation rates have historically been above 60%. NBC News has not independently verified either statistic.
"Our priority is promoting success for every student and ensuring a safe transition during this pause," Parella said. "We’ve instructed center operators to work directly with the providers who helped students enroll and made it clear that there is no fixed deadline for transfers."
After the judge's decision, a department spokesperson said that the "Department of Labor is working closely with the Department of Justice to evaluate and comply with the temporary restraining order."
"We remain confident that our actions are consistent with the law," the spokesperson added.
Labor Secretary Lori Chavez-DeRemer said in congressional testimony Thursday that her department would comply with the temporary restraining order. She declined to answer specific questions about the Job Corps pause, citing ongoing litigation.
Randolph Goodman has worked at the Gary Job Corps Center in San Marcos, Texas, for more than 30 years after retiring from the Navy. He said that there have "been a lot of problems" with the program, that "sometimes it works, sometimes it doesn't."
"But, you know, that's what we have to do," he said before the court's ruling. "There's nobody else that does what we do. There's no vocational school that does it, no college that does it, none of that stuff."
Roughly 3 million students have participated in Job Corps since its 1964 launch, studying industries ranging from manufacturing to hospitality, according to the program’s archived website. The program targeted low-income students, providing them with access to free career training and education, housing, meals, basic medical care and a living allowance.
In fiscal year 2024, the Labor Department spent $1.7 billion on Job Corps out of the department's $13.4 billion in discretionary funds, according to the department.
Levi Golden, who studies seamanship at Tongue Point Job Corps, said the program's pause felt like a "gut punch." He got his final certification last month and his high school diploma Tuesday.
"If it weren't for Job Corps, I would never have gotten my high school diploma. I wouldn't have had the ability to get a good job," said Golden, who has a job lined up for July. He plans to travel to Alaska, where he will be a crew member on a tugboat pushing material up the Yukon River for several months.
Golden, 24, enrolled in July 2023, and said Job Corps was "one of the best programs" he had experienced.
"Ever since I was a little boy, I had always dreamed of working on the water, but I never actually knew where to start or how to get there," Golden said in an interview Tuesday.
He said that he believed "more than anything in my heart that this is a necessary program, and I hate to see it shut down."
Advocates for the program have argued that Job Corps provides a way forward for teenagers who come from disadvantaged backgrounds.
"I believe this program was sent by God to help people who are less fortunate," said Christopher Coupette, who graduated in 2016 from the Jobs Corps center in Pinellas County, Florida. "And it's sickened me, and I'm just sad to hear that it's being taken away."
Coupette, 32, is now a wellness director at an assisted living facility and bemoaned that students would no longer be able to get free education in the program.
"It helps you get on your feet," he said Tuesday. "It doesn't hold your hand throughout your whole life. It helps you get ahead of life."
Coupette lived in multiple households growing up, moving to live with his father after his mother died, and later moving in with his sister after his father "was not there for me."
"I was just not happy there," he recalled. "I wanted something for myself or something. I don't know what I wanted to do with my life."
He decided to participate in Job Corps based on his sister's experience in the program and "just fell completely in love with it." Now, Coupette lives in the same city where he participated in the program. He is pursuing a degree in nursing, has a daughter and is preparing to get married in December.
"Everything started from Job Corps taking a bet on me and helping me climb the next ladder of life, so I'll forever be a Job Corps student," he said.
