NASA launched a new satellite on Wednesday to upgrade the network used to send messages back and forth between spacecraft and the ground.
The space agency's new Tracking and Data Relay Satellite K (TDRS-K for short) lifted off at 8:48 p.m. ET from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida, atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas 5 rocket.
NASA launch commentator George Diller hailed the start of TDRS' mission, saying that it would be "broadening, enhancing and improving the capability of space-based tracking."
TDRS-K has an estimated cost of between $350 million and $400 million, not counting the cost of the rocket to launch it. The spacecraft is the first of three new satellites due to lift off between now and 2015 to bolster the TDRS communications satellite network, which relays data and messages between spacecraft in orbit and ground stations. [NASA's New Comsat: TDRS-K Spacecraft in Photos]
Thanks to the positioning of ground elements and the TDRS network of satellites around the world, NASA scientists have constant communication with orbiting spacecraft. The network is responsible for space-to-ground communication with the International Space Station as well as the Hubble Space Telescope.
Orbital network
The TDRS-K satellite is expected to last at least 15 years in orbit. It is the 11th TDRS spacecraft to launch since the network was started in 1983. Today, five satellites are in active service, but one might be retired once TDRS-K is placed in orbit, said Badri Younes, a scientist in NASA's Space Communications and Navigation office.
The Atlas 5 rocket will boost the new satellite into an orbit 22,300 miles (35,888 kilometers) high, where it will join a network of other relay spacecraft above the planet. Once out of Earth's atmosphere, the rocket's main engine will separate and fall away, leaving a second-stage Centaur rocket engine to carry the 26.7-foot-tall (8-meter) satellite into orbit.
The TDRS-K has two insectlike antennas that are folded during launch. Once the satellite detaches from the rocket's second stage, its antennas will pop out into a bowl shape. After 10 days of maneuvering into its proper orbit, TDRS-K's two solar arrays will unfurl and the antennas will lock into place.
After launch, NASA will test the satellite for three months to make sure everything is in working order. Once those tests are complete, the TDRS team will decide if the satellite is ready for service. If not, it will be moved to a backup position.
This report was updated by NBC News. Follow Miriam Kramer on Twitter or Space.com . We're also on and .
