African leaders met Ivory Coast's Laurent Gbagbo on Monday to try and persuade him to cede power to his rival Alassane Ouattara in return for guarantees of "safety and security."
Gbagbo, in power since 2000, has so far refused to concede he lost the November 28 election to Ouattara despite widespread international condemnation and the threat of force to oust him after U.N.-certified results showed Ouattara won.
Four leaders representing West African regional bloc ECOWAS and the African Union met Gbagbo late in the afternoon and were due to meet Ouattara later in the day.
It was the second visit by three west African heads of state — Benin's Boni Yayi, Sierra Leone's Ernest Bai Koroma and Cape Verde's Pedro Pires — who made an initial attempt last week. Kenyan Prime Minister Raila Odinga joined them the AU's behalf.
ECOWAS has said it could use "legitimate force" if Gbagbo refuses to go quietly. A spokesman for Ouattara's rival government has said this would be Gbagbo's last chance to step down peacefully and with immunity.
Asked if the mission would repeat an ultimatum for Gbagbo to leave or face force, ECOWAS Ivory Coast representative Doukoure Abram said: "No, there will be discussions going on."
Odinga's office said the Kenyan prime minister would "seek a peaceful settlement to the election crisis ... and seek an assurance of safety and security for Mr. Laurent Gbagbo and his supporters, if he agrees to cede power."
Threat of conflict
More than 170 people have been killed in the crisis, which threatens to restart open conflict in a country still split in two by a 2002-03 civil war.
Gbagbo, who has the backing of the country's top court and the army, has shrugged off pressure to step down and said on state television over the weekend that Ouattara "should not count on foreign armies to come and make him president."
A Gbagbo spokesman said Gbagbo would not agree to leave.
The African leaders were also due to meet Paul Yao N'Dre, head of a legal body that canceled hundreds of thousands of Ouattara votes, alleging fraud, and named Gbagbo winner.
African leaders have nearly all backed Ouattara. However Angola, the only African nation to send an ambassador to Gbagbo's swearing in, accused foreign nations of "inciting other countries in the region to start a war."
The United States and the European Union have imposed a travel ban on Gbagbo and his inner circle, while the World Bank and the regional West African central bank have frozen his finances in an attempt to weaken his grip on power.
Ivory Coast missed a nearly $30 million interest payment on its $2.3 billion Eurobond due on Friday, the London Club of commercial creditors said on Monday. The country is not yet in default because of a 30-day grace period.
The crisis does not yet seem to have seriously hurt Ivory Coast's main export, the world's largest cocoa crop. Exporters said on Monday deliveries were roughly the same as last year's, although more violence could prove disruptive.
West African leaders are seen as unlikely to carry through on the threat of force because of the risk of being bogged down in an urban war and potential reprisals on millions of people from Ghana, Nigeria and Burkina Faso living there.
Nigeria, with the region's biggest army, also has its own growing security issues at home and its own elections in April.
The U.N. has said Gbagbo may be criminally responsible for human rights violations, including killings and kidnappings by security forces since the election.
"This is the last chance for Mr. Gbagbo to get a peaceful departure from power and a guarantee of immunity," Ouattara's Prime Minister Guillaume Soro, said at the weekend.
