Most of Canada's largest forestry companies announced a groundbreaking deal with environmental groups Tuesday that will restrict logging in the country's vast northern forests.
The agreement covers 170 million acres — an area nearly twice the size of Germany — and ends years of battles over logging in Canada's massive boreal forest, which environmentalists say helps fight global warming by absorbing large amounts of carbon dioxide.
The forestry companies will stop all logging immediately on 75 million acres to protect woodland caribou herds under pressure from development. The two sides will then spend three years working out which restrictions to impose on logging in the remaining 95 million acres.
In return, as the agreement comes into force, the green groups will end international "Do not buy" campaigns against Canadian lumber.
"This is the way everyone hoped the world could work. Instead of fighting and having polarized discussions ... the way of succeeding tomorrow is going to be through constructive good faith engagement," said Avrim Lazar, chief executive of the Forest Products Association of Canada.
The U.S.-based Pew Environment Group, which brokered the deal, said it was the largest commercial forest conservation agreement ever concluded.
Lazar, saying the forestry industry had to modernize and become greener to thrive and win new markets, described the agreement as a business strategy.
"We know where the future is ... we're doing this not just because we love the boreal," he told a Toronto news conference. "The only way to make a living in the future is going to be by being environmentally advanced."
The deal includes forests in seven of the country's 10 provinces. A similar agreement was reached four years ago to end a dispute over logging in the rainforest on Canada's Pacific Coast.
"It really is a truce, after many years of fighting each other ... This is our best and last chance to save woodland caribou in the boreal forest," said Richard Brooks of Greenpeace Canada.
The boreal forest consists mostly of coniferous trees such as spruce, fir and pine, well as large wetlands regions. It covers an area of about 1.4 billion acres, stretching from Newfoundland and Labrador on the Atlantic to the Yukon in the far northwest.
Steve Kallick, director of the Pew Environment Group's international boreal conservation campaign, said the deal had taken two years to negotiate.
"There were so many parties involved, and so many people who had previously been at odds, that we had quite a bit of trust-building that was required," he told Reuters.
The green groups include Greenpeace, Canopy, the Nature Conservancy, ForestEthics, and the David Suzuki Foundation.
