Pakistan's army on Wednesday expressed "serious concern" about a U.S. aid bill that critics say contains conditions that amount to a humiliating violation of sovereignty as parliament began a debate on the U.S. aid.
The U.S. Congress last week approved a bill tripling aid for Pakistan to $1.5 billion a year for the next five years and sent it to President Barack Obama for signing into law.
The legislation is part of a bid to build a new relationship with Pakistan that no longer focuses on military ties but on Pakistan's social and economic development.
But in an effort to address U.S. concerns that Pakistan's military may support militant groups, the bill stipulates that U.S. military aid will cease if Pakistan does not help fight "terrorists," including Taliban and al-Qaida members taking sanctuary on the Afghan border.
The bill also seeks Pakistani cooperation to dismantle nuclear supplier networks by offering "relevant information from or direct access to Pakistani nationals associated with such networks," a reference to disgraced nuclear scientist A.Q. Khan who ran a black market in atomic technology.
Pakistan has declined to let foreign investigators question Khan, saying it has passed on all information gleaned from him.
The bill, co-authored by Senators John Kerry and Richard Lugar, also provides for an assessment of how effective the civilian government's control is over the powerful military.
Pakistan's army chief met his top commanders at army headquarters in Rawalpindi and reiterated that Pakistan was a sovereign state and had the right to respond to threats in accordance with its interests, the military said.
"The forum expressed serious concern regarding clauses impacting on national security," the military said.
The military, in rare public comment on a diplomatic issue, did not elaborate but said it was providing the government, which supports the U.S. bill, with "formal input."
It acknowledged it was parliament that would debate the issue and enable the government to respond.
President Asif Ali Zardari earlier rejected suggestions that the bill's conditions undermined sovereignty, his spokesman said.
'Humiliation'
The controversy comes as the United States, Pakistan's biggest aid donor, is pressing the army to expand its operations against Pakistani Taliban fighters to include Afghan Taliban and al-Qaida militants in lawless border enclaves.
Plans by the United States to expand its embassy in Pakistan have also raised suspicion, as has speculation about the embassy's use of private security contractors.
Opposition politicians have criticized Zardari's government for allowing the humiliation of the country.
"The incompetence of the Zardari regime has brought humiliation for Pakistan," said Ahsan Iqbal, a spokesman for the main opposition party of former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif.
"Our party appreciates the spirit behind the initiative. However, it feels that any conditionality with such assistance must respect Pakistan's sovereignty and self-respect."
Kerry told reporters in Washington on Tuesday that there were no conditions attached to development aid and the bill's conditions on military aid "do not require anything of Pakistan that is not already in the stated policy of the government and opposition parties.
Analysts say while the concerns about militancy and nuclear proliferation might be legitimate, their enunciation in an aid bill was seen as interference.
"It's a question of national dignity," said Talat Masood, a retired general and security analyst. "It appears as if they are dictating foreign, security and domestic policies."
Parliament was not expected to reject the bill but was likely to pass a resolution highlighting its concerns.
